.subscribe-hero-bg {
  background: var(--primary-color) 
              url('https://www.iiot-world.com/wp-content/uploads/IIoT-World-Hero-Newsletter.svg') 
              no-repeat center center;
  background-size: cover;
  color: var(--on-primary);

  /* Vertical centering */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;   /* stack items vertically */
  align-items: center;      /* center horizontally */
  justify-content: center;  /* center vertically */
  min-height: 40vh;         /* or 100vh for full screen hero */
}

.subscribe-hero-title{
    text-align: left;
  font-size: clamp(2.25rem, 5vw + 0.5rem, 4.5rem);
line-height: 1.15;
color: #ffffff;
text-align: center;
font-family: "Ubuntu Condensed", sans-serif;
font-weight: 400;
font-style: normal;
}

.ti-btn{
  display:inline-block;
  margin-top: clamp(24px, 4.5vw, 36px);
  background:#ef4f32;
  color:#fff;
  text-decoration:none;
  font-weight:700;
  text-transform:uppercase;
  letter-spacing:.5px;
  font-size: clamp(13px, 1.5vw, 15px); /* smaller */
  padding:12px 24px;
  border-radius:8px;
  transition:filter .2s ease, transform .05s ease;
}
.ti-btn:hover{ filter:brightness(1.05); }
.ti-btn:active{ transform:translateY(1px); }


/* Cutting-Edge Insights */
.insights, .networking{
  padding: clamp(48px, 6vw, 80px) 20px;
  background: #fff;
}

.insights .container-1200, .networking .container-1200 {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.insights-grid, .networking-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.1fr 1fr;
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(24px, 4vw, 60px);
}

.insights-title, .networking-title {
  font-family: "Ubuntu Condensed", sans-serif;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: clamp(28px, 3.2vw, 42px);
  line-height: 1.2;
  margin: 0 0 12px 0;
  color: #111;
}

.insights-sub, .networking-sub {
  font-size: clamp(16px, 1.4vw, 20px);
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #222;
  margin: 0;
}

.insights-visual, .networking-visual {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: flex-end;
}

.insights-svg, .networking-svg {
  width: min(345px, 40vw);
  height: auto;
}

/* Stack on small screens */
@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .insights-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    text-align: left;
  }
  .insights-visual {
    justify-content: center;
    margin-top: 8px;
  }
  .insights-svg {
    width: min(300px, 70vw);
  }
}


/* Expert Perspectives */
.expert {
  padding: clamp(48px, 6vw, 80px) 20px;
  background: #fff;
}

.expert .container-1200 {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.expert-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1.1fr; /* icon left, text right */
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(24px, 4vw, 60px);
}

.expert-visual {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: flex-start;
}

.expert-svg {
  width: min(345px, 40vw);
  height: auto;
}

.expert-title {
  font-family: "Ubuntu Condensed", sans-serif;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: clamp(28px, 3.2vw, 42px);
  line-height: 1.2;
  margin: 0 0 12px 0;
  color: #111;
}

.expert-sub {
  font-size: clamp(16px, 1.4vw, 20px);
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #222;
  margin: 0;
}

/* Stack on small screens */
@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .expert-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    text-align: left;
  }
  .expert-visual {
    justify-content: center;
    order: -1; /* put icon on top when stacked */
    margin-bottom: 8px;
  }
  .expert-svg {
    width: min(300px, 70vw);
  }
}

/* Exclusive Resources */
.resources {
  padding: clamp(48px, 6vw, 80px) 20px;
  background: #0f2563; /* dark blue background */
  color: #fff;
}

.resources .container-1200 {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.resources-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(24px, 4vw, 60px);
}

.resources-visual {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
}

.resources-svg {
  width: min(146px, 25vw);
  height: auto;
}

.resources-title {
  font-family: "Ubuntu Condensed", sans-serif;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: clamp(24px, 2.8vw, 36px);
  line-height: 1.2;
  margin: 0 0 16px 0;
  color: #fff;
}

.resources-sub {
  font-size: clamp(15px, 1.3vw, 18px);
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin: 0;
  color: #f2f2f2;
}

/* Stack on mobile */
@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .resources-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    text-align: center;
  }
  .resources-visual {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
  }
  .resources-svg {
    width: min(120px, 50vw);
  }
}


/* Contribute to the Collective Knowledge */
.contribute {
  padding: clamp(48px, 6vw, 80px) 20px;
  background: #fff;
}

.contribute .container-1200 {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.contribute-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1.1fr; /* icon left, text right */
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(24px, 4vw, 60px);
}

.contribute-visual {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: flex-start;
}

.contribute-svg {
  width: min(345px, 40vw);
  height: auto;
}

.contribute-title {
  font-family: "Ubuntu Condensed", sans-serif;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: clamp(28px, 3.2vw, 42px);
  line-height: 1.2;
  margin: 0 0 12px 0;
  color: #111;
}

.contribute-sub {
  font-size: clamp(16px, 1.4vw, 20px);
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #222;
  margin: 0;
}

/* Responsive stacking */
@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .contribute-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    text-align: left;
  }
  .contribute-visual {
    justify-content: center;
    order: -1; /* put icon on top when stacked */
    margin-bottom: 12px;
  }
  .contribute-svg {
    width: min(300px, 70vw);
  }
}


/* Closing Quote CTA */
.cta-quote {
  background: #E64D25;          /* brand orange */
  color: #fff;
  padding: clamp(56px, 8vw, 96px) 20px;
}

.cta-quote .container-1200 {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.cta-quote-inner {
  position: relative;
  text-align: center;
}

.cta-quote-mark {
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 0;
  transform: translateY(-10%);
  opacity: 0.9;
}

.cta-quote-text {
  font-family: "Ubuntu Condensed", sans-serif;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: clamp(20px, 2.2vw, 28px);
  line-height: 1.35;
  margin: 0 auto;
  max-width: 1100px;
}

.cta-quote-author {
  margin: clamp(18px, 2vw, 28px) 0 0;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .3px;
  opacity: 0.95;
}

/* Small screens: tuck the mark a bit */
@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .cta-quote-mark {
    left: 6px;
    top: 6px;
    transform: none;
  }
}


/* Subscribe Form */
.subscribe-form {
  padding: clamp(56px, 7vw, 96px) 20px;
  background: #fff;
}

.subscribe-form .container-900 {
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.subscribe-form__title {
  text-align: center;
  font-family: "Ubuntu Condensed", sans-serif;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: clamp(28px, 3.4vw, 44px);
  line-height: 1.2;
  margin: 0 0 clamp(24px, 3vw, 36px);
  color: #111;
}

/* HubSpot form baseline */
.subscribe-form .hs-form fieldset {
  max-width: none !important;
}

.subscribe-form .hs-form .hs-form-field {
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

/* 2-column layout on larger screens */
@media (min-width: 860px) {
  .subscribe-form .hs-form .hs-form-field:not(.hs_country):not(.hs_submit) {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; /* label + input */
    align-items: center;
    column-gap: 16px;
  }
  .subscribe-form .hs-form .hs-form-field .hs-input,
  .subscribe-form .hs-form .hs-form-field select,
  .subscribe-form .hs-form .hs-form-field textarea {
    grid-column: 2 / 3;
  }
  .subscribe-form .hs-form .hs-form-field label {
    grid-column: 1 / 2;
    margin: 0;
  }
}

/* Inputs */
.subscribe-form .hs-input,
.subscribe-form select,
.subscribe-form textarea {
  width: 100% !important;
  border: 1px solid #d9e1ec;
  background: #f6f9fc;
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 12px 14px;
  font-size: 16px;
  outline: none;
  transition: box-shadow .15s ease, border-color .15s ease;
}

.subscribe-form .hs-input:focus,
.subscribe-form select:focus,
.subscribe-form textarea:focus {
  border-color: #b9c6ff;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(89, 112, 255, .15);
}

/* Labels + help/errors */
.subscribe-form .hs-form label {
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #2c2c2c;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
  display: block;
}

.subscribe-form .hs-error-msgs label,
.subscribe-form .hs-error-msg {
  color: #c0392b !important;
  font-size: 14px;
  margin-top: 6px;
}

/* Submit button */
.subscribe-form .hs-button {
  background: #ef4f32 !important;
  color: #fff !important;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 12px 22px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .3px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: filter .2s ease, transform .05s ease;
}

.subscribe-form .hs-button:hover { filter: brightness(1.05); }
.subscribe-form .hs-button:active { transform: translateY(1px); }

/* Make HubSpot messages readable */
.subscribe-form .submitted-message {
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

/* Mobile tweaks: stack label above input */
@media (max-width: 859px) {
  .subscribe-form .hs-form .hs-form-field {
    display: block;
  }
}